UKRAINE: What Is The Budapest Memorandum, And Why It Matters.
March 9, 2022—Editor's Note: When searching for solutions when one country attacks another, it's helpful to look back in history and seek guidance from international agreements that are relevant. This article is the first in a series to help readers understand the background of Ukraine's security situation and international expectations.
On January 11, 1994, Ukraine agreed to give up its vast nuclear arsenal in exchange for security guarantees. Later that year, Ukraine signed the Budapest Memorandum on Security Assurances with Russia, the United States and the United Kingdom. At the time, Ukraine held 176 intercontinental missiles armed with some 1,240 nuclear warheads and 592 nuclear warheads aboard bombers. Following the agreement, Ukraine dismantled and destroyed the arsenal.
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